How does the if-else branch function in programming?

The if-else branch in programming is a fundamental control structure that allows a programmer to execute different blocks of code based on whether a specific condition evaluates to true or false. When the condition specified in the if statement is true, the associated block of code is executed. If the condition is false, the code within the else block (if provided) will execute instead. This structure is essential for making decisions within code and enabling branching logic, allowing programs to behave differently under varying circumstances.

The other options do not accurately describe the functionality of an if-else branch. Iterating through a collection pertains to looping constructs rather than decision-making. Comparing two values and returning a boolean is a part of condition evaluation used within an if statement but does not represent the complete branching structure. Creating a new variable based on a condition might involve using if-else, but it does not encapsulate the primary purpose and functionality of the if-else branch itself.