Which of the following languages is primarily compiled?

The correct choice is C++. This language is primarily compiled, meaning that code written in C++ is translated into machine code by a compiler before it is executed. This compiled code generally runs faster than code that is interpreted at runtime, as the compilation process transforms the entire program into a format that the computer's processor can execute directly.

In contrast, Python, JavaScript, and Ruby are primarily interpreted languages. They typically execute code line-by-line at runtime, without the need for a separate compilation step into machine code. While there are implementations of these languages that involve compiling code (e.g., using Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation in some versions), their foundational operation is centered around interpretation. This difference is important in understanding how programming languages operate and their performance characteristics in software development.