Which of the following languages is statically typed?

A language is considered statically typed if the data types of variables are known at compile time, rather than at run time. In statically typed languages, variables must be declared with a specific data type, and type checking is performed during the compilation process. Java is a prime example of a statically typed language because it requires explicit data type declarations for variables, such as int, String, or boolean. This means that any type mismatches must be resolved before the program is executed, helping to catch errors early in the development cycle.

In contrast, Python, JavaScript, and Ruby are dynamically typed languages. In these languages, variables can hold values of any type without an explicit declaration, and their types can change at runtime. This flexibility allows for rapid development but can lead to type-related errors that may only become apparent during execution, making debugging more challenging compared to statically typed languages like Java.